Nokia has made history as the first company to deploy a 4G network on the moon, according to a report by Wccftech.
This 4G LTE network will be used for NASA’s “Intuitive Machines” IM-2 mission, marking the first time that mobile communication technology, the same as that on Earth, has been introduced to the lunar surface. This advancement is a key step toward establishing sustainable human presence on the moon.
Since the Apollo moon landings, space communications have primarily relied on point-to-point radio signal transmission, which requires line-of-sight connectivity between the transmitter and receiver. This approach has worked in the past, as typically only a single spacecraft, lander, or rover needed to communicate with Earth, and the data transmission volume was relatively low.
However, with NASA’s “Artemis Program” aiming to return astronauts to the moon as early as 2028 and plans for a long-term lunar base in the 2030s, the demand for more robust communication systems is growing.
This breakthrough not only enhances communication capabilities for future space missions but also lays the groundwork for interstellar communication, ensuring reliable data transmission. The Intuitive Machines Athena lander, which is equipped with Nokia’s lunar network, was launched on February 26 and is currently en route to the lunar South Pole, with a scheduled landing on March 6, 2025.
Once the Athena lander successfully lands, Nokia will activate the lunar surface communication system and officially launch the 4G LTE network. This network operates through the “Network Interface Box” (NIB) integrated into the lander, which is designed to handle the moon’s harsh environment and ensure stable signal transmission. Additionally, the Athena lander will connect to the MAPP rover and Micro Nova Hopper drone, maintaining a consistent network signal.
As lunar exploration progresses, the communication needs for future lunar bases will become more complex. Nokia plans to not only establish a wireless network for lunar habitats but also integrate 4G/5G technology into astronauts’ future “Axiom” spacesuits, enabling seamless communication while walking on the lunar surface.